| Abstract |
Processes in the dyeing and finishing of textiles during which workers may be exposed to hazardous situations or chemicals were considered. An overview of the textile industry was presented, and dyeing and finishing processes were described. During the preparatory processes fabrics may be subjected to bleaching, singeing, desizing, scouring, degumming, and mercerization. Dyeing processes included stock, top, year, piece, cross, and dope. Printing processes discussed included block, roller, discharge, resist, stencil, screen, rotary screen, thermachrome transfer, warp, duplex, photo, batik dyeing, tie dyeing, composition of paste designs, flocking, and spray painting. Finishing processes may be mechanical or chemical. Mechanical processes included shrinking, tentering, crabbing, calendering, schreinering, embossing, moireing, bettling, gigging, shering and sanforizing. Chemical processes discussed included fulling, stiffening, weighting, glazing, parchmentizing, mildew proofing, water repellency, waterproofing, flame proofing, moth proofing, antibacterial finishes, naping, shape retention treatment, crepeing and wrinkles, slip resistance treatment, heat resistance treatment, foam laminating, fabric bonding, and permanent press treatments. Dyeing and finishing occupations were described. |
