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Quantitation of Acrylamide (and Polyacrylamide): Critical Review of Methods for Trace Determination/Formulation Analysis and Future-Research Recommendations.

PB89121685

Publication Date	1988
Personal Author	Daughton, C. G.
Page Count	66
Abstract	Polyacrylamides (esp. polyelectrolytes) have gained wide usage in water treatment (as flocculants/coagulants), tertiary oil recovery, and various other applications such as sewer grouts. Unreacted, residual acrylamide monomer (2-propenamide: CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH2) is usually present in the various bulk commercial formulations at low fractional percentages. Although the polymers are relatively nontoxic, acrylamide can elicit severe neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. For health concerns, use of polyacrylamides in drinking water has been subjected to closer evaluation during the last decade. Currently, dosage standards are indirectly based on the maximum concentration of acrylamide that would result from use of a commercial formulation of known acrylamide content. Although numerous methods of chemical analysis exist for determining the acrylamide content of a polyacrylamide formulation, no standardized method has been adopted for directly determining 'trace' concentrations of acrylamide in water (e.g., at the sub-parts-per-billion level, ng-micrograms/L). The report represents the first in-depth literature review of methods for determining acrylamide monomer. Over 100 references were reviewed, and those that deal specifically with acrylamide determination were annotated in detail. The approach was to unify the general chemistry of acrylamide (and amides) with the published methods for quantitation.
Keywords	Water analysis Polyacrylamides Water treatment Amides Microanalysis Chromatographic analysis Polyelectrolytes Flocculants Coagulants Oil recovery Potable water Residues Acrylamide Toxic substances Neurotoxicity Genotoxicity Drinking water
Source Agency	Single Entry
NTIS Subject Category	68D - Water Pollution & Control 99A - Analytical Chemistry 57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 44G - Environmental & Occupational Factors
Corporate Authors	Daughton (Christian G.), Orinda, CA.; California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.,
NTIS Issue Number	198905

Quantitation of Acrylamide (and Polyacrylamide): Critical Review of Methods for Trace Determination/Formulation Analysis and Future-Research Recommendations.

Quantitation of Acrylamide (and Polyacrylamide): Critical Review of Methods for Trace Determination/Formulation Analysis and Future-Research Recommendations.
PB89121685

Publication Date	1988
Personal Author	Daughton, C. G.
Page Count	66
Abstract	Polyacrylamides (esp. polyelectrolytes) have gained wide usage in water treatment (as flocculants/coagulants), tertiary oil recovery, and various other applications such as sewer grouts. Unreacted, residual acrylamide monomer (2-propenamide: CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH2) is usually present in the various bulk commercial formulations at low fractional percentages. Although the polymers are relatively nontoxic, acrylamide can elicit severe neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. For health concerns, use of polyacrylamides in drinking water has been subjected to closer evaluation during the last decade. Currently, dosage standards are indirectly based on the maximum concentration of acrylamide that would result from use of a commercial formulation of known acrylamide content. Although numerous methods of chemical analysis exist for determining the acrylamide content of a polyacrylamide formulation, no standardized method has been adopted for directly determining 'trace' concentrations of acrylamide in water (e.g., at the sub-parts-per-billion level, ng-micrograms/L). The report represents the first in-depth literature review of methods for determining acrylamide monomer. Over 100 references were reviewed, and those that deal specifically with acrylamide determination were annotated in detail. The approach was to unify the general chemistry of acrylamide (and amides) with the published methods for quantitation.
Keywords	Water analysis Polyacrylamides Water treatment Amides Microanalysis Chromatographic analysis Polyelectrolytes Flocculants Coagulants Oil recovery Potable water Residues Acrylamide Toxic substances Neurotoxicity Genotoxicity Drinking water
Source Agency	Single Entry
NTIS Subject Category	68D - Water Pollution & Control 99A - Analytical Chemistry 57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 44G - Environmental & Occupational Factors
Corporate Authors	Daughton (Christian G.), Orinda, CA.; California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.,
NTIS Issue Number	198905