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Improved Smelting and Refining Processes for Production of Antimony and Its Oxides in Xikuangshan, China.

PB89112817

Publication Date	1987
Personal Author	Xiao, Y. F.
Page Count	15
Abstract	The antimony smelting techniques that have been developed in Xikuangshan are typical of smelters in China. Traditional smelting methods have been improved since the 1940s, but several novel achievements have been introduced in recent years. The long-established Herrenschmidt shaft furnace has been enlarged and modified into a Chinese-style antimony oxide furnace for volatilization roasting with use of high-temperature volatilization. Lower fuel consumption, reduced smelting costs and a higher-grade product have resulted. The reverberatory furnace for reduction of antimony oxide was also enlarged: refining at lower temperatures and continuous mechanical casting into ingots gave a high-grade regulus. To enlarge the range of antimony products successful testwork was carried out on a technique characterized by fuel-free, self-oxidation volatilization capable of producing high-quality antimony white from metallic antimony. To eliminate the hazard of waste gases from antimony smelters a new hydrometallurgical process has also been developed that consists of alkali sulphide leaching and diaphragm electrolysis. To tackle arsenic pollution testwork over many years has led to a new method of comprehensive utilization - a crystallizing process for the treatment of the high-arsenic basic slag produced in refining to yield mixed sodium arsenate for the glass industry.
Keywords	Antimony Antimony oxides Smelting Refining Industrial waste treatment Metallurgical furnaces Reverberatory furnaces Reduction(Chemistry) Vaporizing Roasting Fuel consumption Ingots Hydrometallurgy Arsenic Crystallization Slags China Foreign technology Waste gas recovery Xikuangshan area
Source Agency	Foreign Technology-Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China
NTIS Subject Category	71N - Nonferrous Metals & Alloys 68 - Environmental Pollution & Control
Corporate Authors	Xikuangshan Bureau of Mines (China).; Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Technical rept.,
NTIS Issue Number	198903

Improved Smelting and Refining Processes for Production of Antimony and Its Oxides in Xikuangshan, China.

Improved Smelting and Refining Processes for Production of Antimony and Its Oxides in Xikuangshan, China.
PB89112817

Publication Date	1987
Personal Author	Xiao, Y. F.
Page Count	15
Abstract	The antimony smelting techniques that have been developed in Xikuangshan are typical of smelters in China. Traditional smelting methods have been improved since the 1940s, but several novel achievements have been introduced in recent years. The long-established Herrenschmidt shaft furnace has been enlarged and modified into a Chinese-style antimony oxide furnace for volatilization roasting with use of high-temperature volatilization. Lower fuel consumption, reduced smelting costs and a higher-grade product have resulted. The reverberatory furnace for reduction of antimony oxide was also enlarged: refining at lower temperatures and continuous mechanical casting into ingots gave a high-grade regulus. To enlarge the range of antimony products successful testwork was carried out on a technique characterized by fuel-free, self-oxidation volatilization capable of producing high-quality antimony white from metallic antimony. To eliminate the hazard of waste gases from antimony smelters a new hydrometallurgical process has also been developed that consists of alkali sulphide leaching and diaphragm electrolysis. To tackle arsenic pollution testwork over many years has led to a new method of comprehensive utilization - a crystallizing process for the treatment of the high-arsenic basic slag produced in refining to yield mixed sodium arsenate for the glass industry.
Keywords	Antimony Antimony oxides Smelting Refining Industrial waste treatment Metallurgical furnaces Reverberatory furnaces Reduction(Chemistry) Vaporizing Roasting Fuel consumption Ingots Hydrometallurgy Arsenic Crystallization Slags China Foreign technology Waste gas recovery Xikuangshan area
Source Agency	Foreign Technology-Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China
NTIS Subject Category	71N - Nonferrous Metals & Alloys 68 - Environmental Pollution & Control
Corporate Authors	Xikuangshan Bureau of Mines (China).; Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Technical rept.,
NTIS Issue Number	198903