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Toward the Quantification of Visibility: An Annotated Bibliography,

PB88100631

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Gallagher, V. P.; McCunney, W. D.; Thornton, J. R.
Page Count	88
Abstract	A literature search was conducted in the field of visibility using the term as a warning against stationary or moving hazards. The review was conducted to establish the extent of research conducted on the Visibility Index. The Index was designed to provide the method for examining the effective value of such properties as color, texture, pattern, contrast, and other variables which can be used to improve the effectiveness of warning devices, signs, labels, and markings aimed at providing increased safety through visible means. Future research was to be conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of increasing visibility as a means of reducing the hazard of a worker being struck or injured because he was not able to see a hazard in his path. References were cited for existing standards for visibility in the U.S. and foreign countries along with international standards. Other areas for which references were listed include current practices (air and ground transportation, safety clothing, underwater visibility, visibility measurement, and industrial and occupation applications), design factors (camouflage, pattern recognition, color contrast, luminance contrast, area, and reflectivity), and environmental variables (illumination, background, types of lighting, distance and moving targets).
Keywords	Visibility Bibliographies Symbols Luminance Standards Labels Marking Camouflage Reflectivity Safety Pattern recognition
Source Agency	Centers for Disease Control Bureau of Laboratories National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTIS Subject Category	57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 68G - Environmental Health & Safety 94D - Job Environment 41I - Job Environment 88E - Reference Materials
Corporate Authors	Franklin Inst. Research Labs., Philadelphia, PA. Science Information Services Dept.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div.
Supplemental Notes	Also available from Supt. of Docs. See also final report, PB82-238916. Sponsored by National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	198801
Contract Number	PHS-NIOSH-210-76-0116

Toward the Quantification of Visibility: An Annotated Bibliography,

Toward the Quantification of Visibility: An Annotated Bibliography,
PB88100631

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Gallagher, V. P.; McCunney, W. D.; Thornton, J. R.
Page Count	88
Abstract	A literature search was conducted in the field of visibility using the term as a warning against stationary or moving hazards. The review was conducted to establish the extent of research conducted on the Visibility Index. The Index was designed to provide the method for examining the effective value of such properties as color, texture, pattern, contrast, and other variables which can be used to improve the effectiveness of warning devices, signs, labels, and markings aimed at providing increased safety through visible means. Future research was to be conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of increasing visibility as a means of reducing the hazard of a worker being struck or injured because he was not able to see a hazard in his path. References were cited for existing standards for visibility in the U.S. and foreign countries along with international standards. Other areas for which references were listed include current practices (air and ground transportation, safety clothing, underwater visibility, visibility measurement, and industrial and occupation applications), design factors (camouflage, pattern recognition, color contrast, luminance contrast, area, and reflectivity), and environmental variables (illumination, background, types of lighting, distance and moving targets).
Keywords	Visibility Bibliographies Symbols Luminance Standards Labels Marking Camouflage Reflectivity Safety Pattern recognition
Source Agency	Centers for Disease Control Bureau of Laboratories National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTIS Subject Category	57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 68G - Environmental Health & Safety 94D - Job Environment 41I - Job Environment 88E - Reference Materials
Corporate Authors	Franklin Inst. Research Labs., Philadelphia, PA. Science Information Services Dept.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div.
Supplemental Notes	Also available from Supt. of Docs. See also final report, PB82-238916. Sponsored by National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH. Div. of Physical Sciences and Engineering.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	198801
Contract Number	PHS-NIOSH-210-76-0116