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Carcinogenic Risk Assessment for Occupational Exposure to Monohalomethanes.

PB85111623

Publication Date	1984
Personal Author	Nisbet, I. C. T.; Siegel, D. M.; Paxton, M. B.; Jaeger, R. J.
Page Count	320
Abstract	There are four monohalomethanes whose common names are methyl fluoride, methyl chloride, methyl bromide, and methyl iodide. Only the last three compounds are of substantial interest; methyl fluoride has little commercial use and will not be considered further. The monohalomethanes are principally used in industry as methylating agents, although they are also used as fumigants and other applications. In the past, the most important factors considered in designing procedures for the safe handling of these compounds have been their neurotoxicity and other acute effects. Because these compounds are alkylating agents, concern has arisen over their potential carcinogenicity. Several studies have suggested that the monohalomethanes are mutagenic in appropriate test systems, and three studies reported in recent years have suggested that methyl chloride and methyl iodide may be carcinogenic in experimental animals. This report presents a critical review of these and other studies and assesses the carcinogenic potential of each of the three monohalomethanes. It also presents a quantitative assessment of the carcinogenic risks that might be incurred by workers exposed to these compounds in the workplace under a wide range of exposure conditions.
Keywords	Industrial medicine Halogen organic compounds Risks Exposure Assessments Toxicity Dosage Laboratory animals Halomethanes Carcinogenesis Occupational safety and health Toxic substances Methane/fluoro Methane/chloro Methane/bromo Methane/iodo Neurotoxins
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTIS Subject Category	57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 57Y - Toxicology 68G - Environmental Health & Safety 94D - Job Environment 41I - Job Environment
Corporate Authors	Clement Associates, Inc., Arlington, VA.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.
NTIS Issue Number	198501
Contract Number	PHS-NIOSH-200-83-2602

Carcinogenic Risk Assessment for Occupational Exposure to Monohalomethanes.

Carcinogenic Risk Assessment for Occupational Exposure to Monohalomethanes.
PB85111623

Publication Date	1984
Personal Author	Nisbet, I. C. T.; Siegel, D. M.; Paxton, M. B.; Jaeger, R. J.
Page Count	320
Abstract	There are four monohalomethanes whose common names are methyl fluoride, methyl chloride, methyl bromide, and methyl iodide. Only the last three compounds are of substantial interest; methyl fluoride has little commercial use and will not be considered further. The monohalomethanes are principally used in industry as methylating agents, although they are also used as fumigants and other applications. In the past, the most important factors considered in designing procedures for the safe handling of these compounds have been their neurotoxicity and other acute effects. Because these compounds are alkylating agents, concern has arisen over their potential carcinogenicity. Several studies have suggested that the monohalomethanes are mutagenic in appropriate test systems, and three studies reported in recent years have suggested that methyl chloride and methyl iodide may be carcinogenic in experimental animals. This report presents a critical review of these and other studies and assesses the carcinogenic potential of each of the three monohalomethanes. It also presents a quantitative assessment of the carcinogenic risks that might be incurred by workers exposed to these compounds in the workplace under a wide range of exposure conditions.
Keywords	Industrial medicine Halogen organic compounds Risks Exposure Assessments Toxicity Dosage Laboratory animals Halomethanes Carcinogenesis Occupational safety and health Toxic substances Methane/fluoro Methane/chloro Methane/bromo Methane/iodo Neurotoxins
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NTIS Subject Category	57U - Public Health & Industrial Medicine 57Y - Toxicology 68G - Environmental Health & Safety 94D - Job Environment 41I - Job Environment
Corporate Authors	Clement Associates, Inc., Arlington, VA.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.
NTIS Issue Number	198501
Contract Number	PHS-NIOSH-200-83-2602