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Toxic Gases in Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Cabs.

PB275957

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Ziskind, R.; Carlin, T.; Axelrod, M.; Allen, R. W.; Schwartz, S. H.
Page Count	111
Abstract	An experimental program was conducted to measure the cab concentrations of several toxic gases throughout a significant cross section of conditions and vehicles comprising heavy duty diesel truck population and use. Ambient and in-cab concentrations were continuously measured for carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Supplemental air bag samples were analyzed for sulfur oxides and total hydrocarbons. These data were used to assess the potential for performance and health degradation due to vehicle self-contamination. A tracer gas, SF6, was used to delineate the relative importance of various emission source locations and cab entrance pathways. The tracer tests showed that cab floor openings serve as a principal pathway for engine compartment gas transmission into the cab. A number of tractors were surveyed by idling and/or road tests. Primary findings included establishing a statistical correlation between vehicle-induced elevated in-cab concentrations of specific gases and several testing parameters including: condition of windows, type of cab configuration and the presence of exhaust leaks and underside cab openings. Many vehicles were found to have in-cab concentrations of greater than 0.5 ppm NO2 which is considered by NIOSH to be a significant occupational exposure concentration.
Keywords	Trucks Exhaust emissions Diesel fuel Carbon dioxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen oxide(NO) Sulfur oxides Hydrocarbons Sources Concentration(Composition) Toxicity Public health Sampling Air pollution Ozone Heavy duty vehicles Air pollution sampling
Source Agency	Federal Highway Administration
NTIS Subject Category	68A - Air Pollution & Control 57Y - Toxicology
Corporate Authors	Science Applications, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif.; Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, Washington, D.C.; Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. Traffic Systems Div.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored in part by Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, Washington, D.C.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. Oct 76-Oct 77.
NTIS Issue Number	197807
Contract Number	DOT-FH-11-9186

Toxic Gases in Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Cabs.

Toxic Gases in Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Cabs.
PB275957

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Ziskind, R.; Carlin, T.; Axelrod, M.; Allen, R. W.; Schwartz, S. H.
Page Count	111
Abstract	An experimental program was conducted to measure the cab concentrations of several toxic gases throughout a significant cross section of conditions and vehicles comprising heavy duty diesel truck population and use. Ambient and in-cab concentrations were continuously measured for carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Supplemental air bag samples were analyzed for sulfur oxides and total hydrocarbons. These data were used to assess the potential for performance and health degradation due to vehicle self-contamination. A tracer gas, SF6, was used to delineate the relative importance of various emission source locations and cab entrance pathways. The tracer tests showed that cab floor openings serve as a principal pathway for engine compartment gas transmission into the cab. A number of tractors were surveyed by idling and/or road tests. Primary findings included establishing a statistical correlation between vehicle-induced elevated in-cab concentrations of specific gases and several testing parameters including: condition of windows, type of cab configuration and the presence of exhaust leaks and underside cab openings. Many vehicles were found to have in-cab concentrations of greater than 0.5 ppm NO2 which is considered by NIOSH to be a significant occupational exposure concentration.
Keywords	Trucks Exhaust emissions Diesel fuel Carbon dioxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen oxide(NO) Sulfur oxides Hydrocarbons Sources Concentration(Composition) Toxicity Public health Sampling Air pollution Ozone Heavy duty vehicles Air pollution sampling
Source Agency	Federal Highway Administration
NTIS Subject Category	68A - Air Pollution & Control 57Y - Toxicology
Corporate Authors	Science Applications, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif.; Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, Washington, D.C.; Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. Traffic Systems Div.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored in part by Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, Washington, D.C.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. Oct 76-Oct 77.
NTIS Issue Number	197807
Contract Number	DOT-FH-11-9186