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Source Assessment: Urea Manufacture.

PB274367

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Search, W. J.; Reznik, R. B.
Page Count	94
Abstract	The report gives results of an evaluation of the potential environmental effects of air emissions from the production of urea. Urea production in the U.S. was 3.45 million metric tons in 1975. Major products were urea solution (38%), granulated solid material (53%), and prilled solid material (9%). Over 75% of the urea produced is consumed in fertilizers. Both ammonia and particulates are released to the atmosphere during its manufacture. Major emission points are the evaporator, prilling tower, and granulator. The evaporator has the largest emission factor for ammonia, 1.73 g/kg; the prill tower has the largest for particulates, 3.2 g/kg. Emissions from the evaporator and granulator are normally controlled by scrubbers; prill tower emissions are not controlled. Source severities were determined to evaluate potential environmental effects: they were between 10 and 1 for ammonia emissions from the prill tower and for particulate emissions from the evaporator, granulator, and prill tower. (Source severity is the ratio of the average maximum ground level concentration of an emission species to the ambient air quality standard (particulates) or (for ammonia) to a reduced threshold limit value.)
Keywords	Assessments Urea Chemical industry Air pollution control Manufacturing Industrial wastes Sources Combustion products Particles Ammonia Concentration(Composition) Design criteria Process charting Technology Forecasting Trends Performance evaluation Emission factors Fugitive emissions
Source Agency	Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development
NTIS Subject Category	68A - Air Pollution & Control 99B - Industrial Chemistry & Chemical Process Engineering
Corporate Authors	Monsanto Research Corp., Dayton, Ohio.; Industrial Environmental Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Supplemental Notes	See also report dated Oct 77, PB-273 068.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. Mar 76-Sep 77.
NTIS Issue Number	197804
Contract Number	EPA-68-02-1874

Source Assessment: Urea Manufacture.

Source Assessment: Urea Manufacture.
PB274367

Publication Date	1977
Personal Author	Search, W. J.; Reznik, R. B.
Page Count	94
Abstract	The report gives results of an evaluation of the potential environmental effects of air emissions from the production of urea. Urea production in the U.S. was 3.45 million metric tons in 1975. Major products were urea solution (38%), granulated solid material (53%), and prilled solid material (9%). Over 75% of the urea produced is consumed in fertilizers. Both ammonia and particulates are released to the atmosphere during its manufacture. Major emission points are the evaporator, prilling tower, and granulator. The evaporator has the largest emission factor for ammonia, 1.73 g/kg; the prill tower has the largest for particulates, 3.2 g/kg. Emissions from the evaporator and granulator are normally controlled by scrubbers; prill tower emissions are not controlled. Source severities were determined to evaluate potential environmental effects: they were between 10 and 1 for ammonia emissions from the prill tower and for particulate emissions from the evaporator, granulator, and prill tower. (Source severity is the ratio of the average maximum ground level concentration of an emission species to the ambient air quality standard (particulates) or (for ammonia) to a reduced threshold limit value.)
Keywords	Assessments Urea Chemical industry Air pollution control Manufacturing Industrial wastes Sources Combustion products Particles Ammonia Concentration(Composition) Design criteria Process charting Technology Forecasting Trends Performance evaluation Emission factors Fugitive emissions
Source Agency	Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development
NTIS Subject Category	68A - Air Pollution & Control 99B - Industrial Chemistry & Chemical Process Engineering
Corporate Authors	Monsanto Research Corp., Dayton, Ohio.; Industrial Environmental Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Supplemental Notes	See also report dated Oct 77, PB-273 068.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. Mar 76-Sep 77.
NTIS Issue Number	197804
Contract Number	EPA-68-02-1874