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The Application of Polymers for Rock Bonding and Reinforcement of Coal Mine Structures.

PB240413

Publication Date	1973
Personal Author	Raff, R. A. V.; Subramanian, R. V.; Austin, H. F.
Page Count	220
Abstract	The main objective of the investigations reported here was the development of suitable resin formulations based on commercially available polymeric resins which could be injected into the fissures and cracks in the roofs of coal mines to bond the rock and thereby reduce fatal rock falls. An extensive review of pertinent literature was made. The first phase of the research program was devoted to 'resin screening' in which over twenty commercial resins of the most common polymer types were evaluated. It became clear that only three classes of resins deserved further intensive studies. These were, the epoxy resins which showed the best potential of all, polyester resins, and resins from furfuryl alcohol. Injectability, mechanical properties, curing and aging properties, and chemical ingredients are discussed. In laboratory injections tests, the experimental epoxy resin formulations were found to penetrate minute cracks quite easily to seal cracks with strong bonds. Mine injection experiments were done. Detailed studies of the bonding of polymeric resins to shale by Mossbauer and infrared spectroscopy indicated that both primary bonds and hydrogen bonds between silicate and epoxy polymer contribute to the adhesive strength of epoxy resins in bonding to shale. Concurrently, a novel technique based on neutron radiography was also developed to determine the location of polymeric resins injected in rock fissures.
Keywords	Coal mining Reinforcing materials Polymers Plastic bonding Epoxy resins Reinforcement(Structures) Injection Cracks Performance evaluation Mechanical properties Bonding strength Spectroscopic analysis
Source Agency	Bureau of Mines
NTIS Subject Category	48A - Mineral Industries 71B - Adhesives & Sealants 71O - Plastics
Corporate Authors	Washington State Univ., Pullman. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering.; BUREAU OF Mines, Washington, D.C.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Research rept. 1970-73.
NTIS Issue Number	197512
Contract Number	H0101783

The Application of Polymers for Rock Bonding and Reinforcement of Coal Mine Structures.

The Application of Polymers for Rock Bonding and Reinforcement of Coal Mine Structures.
PB240413

Publication Date	1973
Personal Author	Raff, R. A. V.; Subramanian, R. V.; Austin, H. F.
Page Count	220
Abstract	The main objective of the investigations reported here was the development of suitable resin formulations based on commercially available polymeric resins which could be injected into the fissures and cracks in the roofs of coal mines to bond the rock and thereby reduce fatal rock falls. An extensive review of pertinent literature was made. The first phase of the research program was devoted to 'resin screening' in which over twenty commercial resins of the most common polymer types were evaluated. It became clear that only three classes of resins deserved further intensive studies. These were, the epoxy resins which showed the best potential of all, polyester resins, and resins from furfuryl alcohol. Injectability, mechanical properties, curing and aging properties, and chemical ingredients are discussed. In laboratory injections tests, the experimental epoxy resin formulations were found to penetrate minute cracks quite easily to seal cracks with strong bonds. Mine injection experiments were done. Detailed studies of the bonding of polymeric resins to shale by Mossbauer and infrared spectroscopy indicated that both primary bonds and hydrogen bonds between silicate and epoxy polymer contribute to the adhesive strength of epoxy resins in bonding to shale. Concurrently, a novel technique based on neutron radiography was also developed to determine the location of polymeric resins injected in rock fissures.
Keywords	Coal mining Reinforcing materials Polymers Plastic bonding Epoxy resins Reinforcement(Structures) Injection Cracks Performance evaluation Mechanical properties Bonding strength Spectroscopic analysis
Source Agency	Bureau of Mines
NTIS Subject Category	48A - Mineral Industries 71B - Adhesives & Sealants 71O - Plastics
Corporate Authors	Washington State Univ., Pullman. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering.; BUREAU OF Mines, Washington, D.C.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Research rept. 1970-73.
NTIS Issue Number	197512
Contract Number	H0101783