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Ultrasonic Probability of Detecting Curves for Synthetic Hard Alpha Inclusions in Titanium Forgings.

PB2013101346

Publication Date	2012
Personal Author	Thompson, R. B.; Meeker, W. Q.; Brasche, L. J. H.; Li, M.; Klaassen, R.; Umbach, J.; Wasan, H.; Singh, S.; Smith, K.; Patton, T.
Page Count	150
Abstract	This report describes efforts to update the default probability of detection (PoD) curves for the ultrasonic detection of hard alpha inclusions in titanium alloy forgings, with the results intended to update the curves currently found in Advisory Circular 33.14-1, Damage Tolerance for High Energy Turbine Engine Rotors. Two inspection techniques, Conventional and Multizone, were evaluated based on data obtained on the synthetic inclusion disk, which contains 40 synthetic hard alpha (SHA) inclusions and a number of flat-bottom holes. The SHA inclusions were titanium, right-circular cylinders of two sizes (no. 3 and no. 5), which were fabricated with two levels of elevated concentrations of nitrogen (3 and 17 wt.%). Data were obtained for each technique at multiple sites using multiple operators, with at least six data sets obtained for each technique. Because of the limited number of sizes and concentrations available, a physics-based model was used to assist in the statistical analysis. This tightened confidence bounds and provided a basis of generalizing the results to sizes and nitrogen concentrations not physically present in the SHA block. PoD curves (for both the mean and 5% quantile) and associated confidence bounds are presented. Additional discussions address the question of operator-to-operator and flaw-to-flaw variability.
Keywords	Ultrasonic probability Detection curves Titanium forgings Ultrasonic detection Melting process Manufacturing defects Defects Inclusions Probability of Detection(PoD)
Source Agency	Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration
Corporate Authors	Iowa State Univ., Ames.; General Electric Co., Cincinnati, OH.; Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, East Hartford, CT.; William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ.; Rolls-Royce Corp., Indianapolis, IN.
Supplemental Notes	Prepared in cooperation with General Electric Co., Cincinnati, OH., Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, East Hartford, CT. and Rolls-Royce Corp., Indianapolis, IN. Sponsored by William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.
NTIS Issue Number	201302

Ultrasonic Probability of Detecting Curves for Synthetic Hard Alpha Inclusions in Titanium Forgings.

Ultrasonic Probability of Detecting Curves for Synthetic Hard Alpha Inclusions in Titanium Forgings.
PB2013101346

Publication Date	2012
Personal Author	Thompson, R. B.; Meeker, W. Q.; Brasche, L. J. H.; Li, M.; Klaassen, R.; Umbach, J.; Wasan, H.; Singh, S.; Smith, K.; Patton, T.
Page Count	150
Abstract	This report describes efforts to update the default probability of detection (PoD) curves for the ultrasonic detection of hard alpha inclusions in titanium alloy forgings, with the results intended to update the curves currently found in Advisory Circular 33.14-1, Damage Tolerance for High Energy Turbine Engine Rotors. Two inspection techniques, Conventional and Multizone, were evaluated based on data obtained on the synthetic inclusion disk, which contains 40 synthetic hard alpha (SHA) inclusions and a number of flat-bottom holes. The SHA inclusions were titanium, right-circular cylinders of two sizes (no. 3 and no. 5), which were fabricated with two levels of elevated concentrations of nitrogen (3 and 17 wt.%). Data were obtained for each technique at multiple sites using multiple operators, with at least six data sets obtained for each technique. Because of the limited number of sizes and concentrations available, a physics-based model was used to assist in the statistical analysis. This tightened confidence bounds and provided a basis of generalizing the results to sizes and nitrogen concentrations not physically present in the SHA block. PoD curves (for both the mean and 5% quantile) and associated confidence bounds are presented. Additional discussions address the question of operator-to-operator and flaw-to-flaw variability.
Keywords	Ultrasonic probability Detection curves Titanium forgings Ultrasonic detection Melting process Manufacturing defects Defects Inclusions Probability of Detection(PoD)
Source Agency	Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration
Corporate Authors	Iowa State Univ., Ames.; General Electric Co., Cincinnati, OH.; Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, East Hartford, CT.; William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ.; Rolls-Royce Corp., Indianapolis, IN.
Supplemental Notes	Prepared in cooperation with General Electric Co., Cincinnati, OH., Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, East Hartford, CT. and Rolls-Royce Corp., Indianapolis, IN. Sponsored by William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept.
NTIS Issue Number	201302