| Abstract |
Active duty and reserve personnel constantly prepare for war, but how prepared are their children. What is it like for children whose parents could be deployed at any moment. This research project describes the impact of the 'threat of war' on children of military families. This was a descriptive, comparative study of three groups: children of active duty (n=18), reserve (n=25), and civilian (n=48) families. Criteria were one child per family, age 8-11 years, age-appropriate grade, parental consent, and child assent. Triangulation of data collection methods (interview, self-report questionnaires, projective techniques) was used to compare children from the three groups with respect to: (1) perceptions of war, (2) origin of fears related to war, (3) manifest anxiety, (4) coping strategies, and (5) projection of emotional problems in human figure drawings (HFDs). Instruments included a structured interview, the Schoolagers' Coping Strategies Inventory, the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, and the HFD Test. Drawings were analyzed for emotional indicators, and summary scores for the coping and anxiety instruments were calculated. Groups were compared using ANOVA for continuous data and chi-square for frequency data. A content analysis of the interviews was conducted. No significant differences in 'total scores' were found between the groups for coping, anxiety, or emotional indicators on HFDs, but 'item analyses' showed evidence of important differences in coping strategies and anxiety indicators. Negative comments and fears about war were more evident in children of military families. Overall, military children are no different from civilian children, regardless of the threat of war. Most military children have developed effective coping strategies for dealing with this stressor. Nurses can use the study's findings to develop proactive, preventive interventions for children at highest risk, anticipate increased emotional problems during periods of political unrest, and provide extra attention to these children when their parents are deployed. |
