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Silica Exposure and Silicosis: Effect of Mixed Exposures.

PB2005105190

Publication Date	2004
Personal Author	Alexander, B. H.; Banerjee, S.; Rice, C.
Page Count	74
Abstract	The quantitative relationship between exposure to crystalline silica and development of silicosis is certain despite a number of studies addressing the problem. The uncertainty is due to the following reasons: (a) the exposure reconstructions were based on sparse data with tremendous uncertainties; (b) dose reconstructions, to estimate the cumulative lung burden of the worker, did not account for retention and clearance of inhaled dusts; (c) exposure reconstructions for silica, a highly toxic dust, did not account for simultaneous exposures to less toxic dusts, (non-silica dusts). The purpose of this study was to obtain the quantitative dose-response relationship between crystalline silica and silicosis in a manner that addressed the above issues. The North Carolina Dusty Trades program provides a large dataset of human exposures to silica and non-silica dust and silicosis from 1935-1980. Pharmacokinetic modeling was used to estimate the cumulative lung dose of silica and non-silica dust and time to macrophage overload in the presence of this mixed exposure. A case-control study was conducted to compare silicotics and disease-free referents.
Keywords	Occupational exposure Silica Air pollution control Occupational safety and health Respiratory diseases Inhalation Dusts Health hazards Toxicity Dose-response relationship Risk Silicosis Hazardous materials Crystalline silica
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Corporate Authors	Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. Div. of Environmental Health.; Cincinnati Univ., OH. Dept. of Environmental Health.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Supplemental Notes	Prepared in cooperation with Cincinnati Univ., OH. Dept. of Environmental Health. Sponsored by National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final Rept.
NTIS Issue Number	200517
Contract Number	NIOSH-5R01-OH-00742902

Silica Exposure and Silicosis: Effect of Mixed Exposures.

Silica Exposure and Silicosis: Effect of Mixed Exposures.
PB2005105190

Publication Date	2004
Personal Author	Alexander, B. H.; Banerjee, S.; Rice, C.
Page Count	74
Abstract	The quantitative relationship between exposure to crystalline silica and development of silicosis is certain despite a number of studies addressing the problem. The uncertainty is due to the following reasons: (a) the exposure reconstructions were based on sparse data with tremendous uncertainties; (b) dose reconstructions, to estimate the cumulative lung burden of the worker, did not account for retention and clearance of inhaled dusts; (c) exposure reconstructions for silica, a highly toxic dust, did not account for simultaneous exposures to less toxic dusts, (non-silica dusts). The purpose of this study was to obtain the quantitative dose-response relationship between crystalline silica and silicosis in a manner that addressed the above issues. The North Carolina Dusty Trades program provides a large dataset of human exposures to silica and non-silica dust and silicosis from 1935-1980. Pharmacokinetic modeling was used to estimate the cumulative lung dose of silica and non-silica dust and time to macrophage overload in the presence of this mixed exposure. A case-control study was conducted to compare silicotics and disease-free referents.
Keywords	Occupational exposure Silica Air pollution control Occupational safety and health Respiratory diseases Inhalation Dusts Health hazards Toxicity Dose-response relationship Risk Silicosis Hazardous materials Crystalline silica
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Corporate Authors	Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. Div. of Environmental Health.; Cincinnati Univ., OH. Dept. of Environmental Health.; National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Supplemental Notes	Prepared in cooperation with Cincinnati Univ., OH. Dept. of Environmental Health. Sponsored by National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final Rept.
NTIS Issue Number	200517
Contract Number	NIOSH-5R01-OH-00742902