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Toxicokinetics of Ethyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (ETBE) and Methyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (MTBE) in Men and Women.

PB2005102840

Publication Date	2004
Personal Author	Pierce, C.
Page Count	46
Abstract	Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and ETBE are used as gasoline components to reduce tailpipe emissions in 39 areas of the United States which exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for carbon monoxide and in the 9 metropolitan regions with the most elevated summertime ozone levels. MTBE and ETBE exposures occur during gasoline production and refueling, and as recently documented in California and Washington, potentially through contact with groundwater contaminated by leaking underground storage tanks. However, little is known about how the body handles MTBE, ETBE and their metabolites; nor about reliable biological indicators of occupational and environmental exposure. We conducted controlled exposures of men and women to 2.5 ppm (sup 2)H(sub 12)-MTBE+2.5 ppm ETBE for two hours with alternating periods of work and rest, and sampled blood, breath and urine during and for three days following exposure. Concurrently, a physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model was developed to include data from other research efforts, to incorporate parameter variability through Bayesian fitting and Monte Carlo simulation techniques, and to determine a biological index of exposure. Post-exposure blood and breath levels exhibited two half-lives for both (sup 2)H(sub 12)-MTBE and ETBE of about 1 and 8.4 hours, and 1.5 and 10.6 hours, respectively. Tertiary-butyl-alcohol (TBA) breath concentration from each other appeared to be a valuable index of exposure with a single half-life of 20-40 hours.
Keywords	Toxicity Gasoline vapors Air pollution effects(Humans) Health hazards Public health Chronic exposure Air pollution Environmental effects Carbon monoxide Storage tanks Ethanol fuels Fuel mixtures Oxygenates Dose-response relationships Inhalation Ground water Contamination Risk assessment Ethyl tertiary-butyl ether(ETBE) Methyl tertiary-butyl ether(MTBE)
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Corporate Authors	National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	200513

Toxicokinetics of Ethyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (ETBE) and Methyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (MTBE) in Men and Women.

Toxicokinetics of Ethyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (ETBE) and Methyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (MTBE) in Men and Women.
PB2005102840

Publication Date	2004
Personal Author	Pierce, C.
Page Count	46
Abstract	Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and ETBE are used as gasoline components to reduce tailpipe emissions in 39 areas of the United States which exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for carbon monoxide and in the 9 metropolitan regions with the most elevated summertime ozone levels. MTBE and ETBE exposures occur during gasoline production and refueling, and as recently documented in California and Washington, potentially through contact with groundwater contaminated by leaking underground storage tanks. However, little is known about how the body handles MTBE, ETBE and their metabolites; nor about reliable biological indicators of occupational and environmental exposure. We conducted controlled exposures of men and women to 2.5 ppm (sup 2)H(sub 12)-MTBE+2.5 ppm ETBE for two hours with alternating periods of work and rest, and sampled blood, breath and urine during and for three days following exposure. Concurrently, a physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model was developed to include data from other research efforts, to incorporate parameter variability through Bayesian fitting and Monte Carlo simulation techniques, and to determine a biological index of exposure. Post-exposure blood and breath levels exhibited two half-lives for both (sup 2)H(sub 12)-MTBE and ETBE of about 1 and 8.4 hours, and 1.5 and 10.6 hours, respectively. Tertiary-butyl-alcohol (TBA) breath concentration from each other appeared to be a valuable index of exposure with a single half-life of 20-40 hours.
Keywords	Toxicity Gasoline vapors Air pollution effects(Humans) Health hazards Public health Chronic exposure Air pollution Environmental effects Carbon monoxide Storage tanks Ethanol fuels Fuel mixtures Oxygenates Dose-response relationships Inhalation Ground water Contamination Risk assessment Ethyl tertiary-butyl ether(ETBE) Methyl tertiary-butyl ether(MTBE)
Source Agency	National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Corporate Authors	National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	200513