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Analysis of Factors Contributing to 'Walking Along Roadway' Crashes: Research Study and Guidelines for Sidewalks and Walkways.

PB2003102002

Publication Date	2002
Personal Author	McMahon, P. J.; Zegeer, C. V.; Duncan, C.; Knoblauch, J.; Stewart, R.; Khattak, A. J.
Page Count	54
Abstract	There are a variety of factors widely acknowledged to have an impact on the risk of pedestrian/motor vehicle crashes. The factors that have been most extensively researched are the geometric characteristics of the road, including the presence of sidewalks. However, in relevant epidemiological research, factors related to demographics and neighborhood characteristics have been alluded to, but not sufficiently researched. This study uses a case-control methodology and applies conditional and binary logistic models to determine the effects of cross-sectional roadway design attributes and socioeconomic and other census block group data on the likelihood that a site is a crash site. A total of 47 crash sites and 94 comparison sites are analyzed. Physical design factors found to be associated with a significantly higher likelihood of being a crash site are higher traffic volume, higher speed limit, the lack of wide grassy walkable areas, and the absence of sidewalks. When these roadway factors are controlled for, non-geometric factors associated with a significantly higher likelihood of being a crash site are high levels of unemployment, older housing stock, lower proportions of families within households, and more single-parent households. This information suggests that some neighborhoods, due to increased exposure or specific types of exposure, may be especially appropriate sites for pedestrian safety measures such as sidewalks, lower speed roadway designs, and the addition of wide grassy shoulders.
Keywords	Pedestrian accidents Vehicle pedestrian collisions Sidewalks Pedestrian safety Guidelines Walking Characteristics
Source Agency	Federal Highway Administration
Corporate Authors	North Carolina Univ. at Chapel Hill.; Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Office of Safety Research and
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Office of Safety Research and Development.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. 1998-2001.
NTIS Issue Number	200309
Contract Number	DTFH61-92-C-00138

Analysis of Factors Contributing to 'Walking Along Roadway' Crashes: Research Study and Guidelines for Sidewalks and Walkways.

Analysis of Factors Contributing to 'Walking Along Roadway' Crashes: Research Study and Guidelines for Sidewalks and Walkways.
PB2003102002

Publication Date	2002
Personal Author	McMahon, P. J.; Zegeer, C. V.; Duncan, C.; Knoblauch, J.; Stewart, R.; Khattak, A. J.
Page Count	54
Abstract	There are a variety of factors widely acknowledged to have an impact on the risk of pedestrian/motor vehicle crashes. The factors that have been most extensively researched are the geometric characteristics of the road, including the presence of sidewalks. However, in relevant epidemiological research, factors related to demographics and neighborhood characteristics have been alluded to, but not sufficiently researched. This study uses a case-control methodology and applies conditional and binary logistic models to determine the effects of cross-sectional roadway design attributes and socioeconomic and other census block group data on the likelihood that a site is a crash site. A total of 47 crash sites and 94 comparison sites are analyzed. Physical design factors found to be associated with a significantly higher likelihood of being a crash site are higher traffic volume, higher speed limit, the lack of wide grassy walkable areas, and the absence of sidewalks. When these roadway factors are controlled for, non-geometric factors associated with a significantly higher likelihood of being a crash site are high levels of unemployment, older housing stock, lower proportions of families within households, and more single-parent households. This information suggests that some neighborhoods, due to increased exposure or specific types of exposure, may be especially appropriate sites for pedestrian safety measures such as sidewalks, lower speed roadway designs, and the addition of wide grassy shoulders.
Keywords	Pedestrian accidents Vehicle pedestrian collisions Sidewalks Pedestrian safety Guidelines Walking Characteristics
Source Agency	Federal Highway Administration
Corporate Authors	North Carolina Univ. at Chapel Hill.; Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Office of Safety Research and
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Office of Safety Research and Development.
Document Type	Technical Report
Title Note	Final rept. 1998-2001.
NTIS Issue Number	200309
Contract Number	DTFH61-92-C-00138