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Improving Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Performance of Modular Classroom HVAC Systems.

DE2005859930

Publication Date	2005
Personal Author	Apte, M. G.; Spears, M.; Lai, C. M.; Shendell, D. G.
Page Count	12
Abstract	The factory-built relocatable classroom (RC) is a dominant force in the school facility construction industry in the US and elsewhere. it is estimated that there are approximately 650,000 RCs currently occupied in the US, housing about 16 million students. RCs receive public attention due to complaints about poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Both measured data and anecdotal evidence in California have suggested excessive acoustical noise from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment as a central factor leading to degraded IEQ. In the US, RCs are typically equipped with unitary exterior wall-mount HVAC systems, and interior acoustical noise due to structural and airborne transmission can reach levels of about 58dB(A) with compressor cycling, under unoccupied conditions. Due to these noise levels, teachers often simply choose to turn off the HVAC, leading to inadequate ventilation, as well as poor thermal conditioning, and thus to poor indoor air quality. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds including formaldehyde are common. They discuss the acoustic component of the efforts to develop and test energy efficient HVAC systems that address the ventilation, controls, and acoustic requirements necessary to ensure high quality indoor environments in RCs.
Keywords	HVAC systems Indoor air quality Energy efficiency Environmental quality Schools Ventilation Acoustics Educational facilities Relocatable classrooms
Source Agency	Technical Information Center Oak Ridge Tennessee
Corporate Authors	Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA.; Department of Energy, Washington, DC.; California Energy Commission, Sacramento.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by California Energy Commission, Sacramento. and Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	200612

Improving Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Performance of Modular Classroom HVAC Systems.

Improving Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Performance of Modular Classroom HVAC Systems.
DE2005859930

Publication Date	2005
Personal Author	Apte, M. G.; Spears, M.; Lai, C. M.; Shendell, D. G.
Page Count	12
Abstract	The factory-built relocatable classroom (RC) is a dominant force in the school facility construction industry in the US and elsewhere. it is estimated that there are approximately 650,000 RCs currently occupied in the US, housing about 16 million students. RCs receive public attention due to complaints about poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Both measured data and anecdotal evidence in California have suggested excessive acoustical noise from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment as a central factor leading to degraded IEQ. In the US, RCs are typically equipped with unitary exterior wall-mount HVAC systems, and interior acoustical noise due to structural and airborne transmission can reach levels of about 58dB(A) with compressor cycling, under unoccupied conditions. Due to these noise levels, teachers often simply choose to turn off the HVAC, leading to inadequate ventilation, as well as poor thermal conditioning, and thus to poor indoor air quality. Elevated levels of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds including formaldehyde are common. They discuss the acoustic component of the efforts to develop and test energy efficient HVAC systems that address the ventilation, controls, and acoustic requirements necessary to ensure high quality indoor environments in RCs.
Keywords	HVAC systems Indoor air quality Energy efficiency Environmental quality Schools Ventilation Acoustics Educational facilities Relocatable classrooms
Source Agency	Technical Information Center Oak Ridge Tennessee
Corporate Authors	Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., CA.; Department of Energy, Washington, DC.; California Energy Commission, Sacramento.
Supplemental Notes	Sponsored by California Energy Commission, Sacramento. and Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
Document Type	Technical Report
NTIS Issue Number	200612